FAKTOR-FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT (ISPA) PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS LINGKAR TIMUR KOTA BENGKULU

Abstract

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the most common health problems affecting children and remains a leading cause of healthcare visits, particularly in developing countries. The high incidence of ARI among children is influenced not only by individual health conditions but also by family behavioral practices and the quality of the residential environment. This study aimed to determine the relationship between behavioral and environmental factors and the incidence of ARI among children in the working area of the Lingkar Timur Public Health Center, Bengkulu City. This study employed a quantitative observational analytic design using a cross-sectional approach. The study population and sample were selected based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to assess behavioral and environmental factors. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using the Chi-square test and Spearman's rank correlation test. The results showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between behavioral factors and the incidence of ARI among children (p = 0.071). In contrast, environmental factors were found to have a statistically significant and strong relationship with the incidence of ARI among children (p = 0.001). In conclusion, environmental factors significantly influence the incidence of ARI among children, whereas behavioral factors do not demonstrate a significant association. Therefore, ARI prevention efforts should prioritize improving household environmental conditions while continuing to promote health education to encourage clean and healthy living behaviors within the community.