Analisis Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Sekolah Menengah Atas di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pembina Kota Palembang Tahun 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36085/avicenna.v19i2.6671Abstract
Background: Anemia is a body condition where the hemoglobin (Hb) level in the blood is lower than normal. Adolescent girls are one of the groups that are prone to suffering from anemia, because at that time they are menstruating and have less knowledge about anemia. The problem of anemia in adolescent girls is in the moderate category (20-39%) in the 2019 WHO standards. Adolescent girls who suffer from anemia when they become pregnant mothers are at risk of giving birth to low birth weight babies (LBW) and stunting. Adolescent girls during puberty are at high risk of experiencing iron deficiency anemia. This study aims to determine the analysis of the incidence of anemia in high school teenage girls in the work area of the Pembina City Health Center in Palembang in 2024. Method: This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted on March 25 - May 15 2024. The population of this research was teenage girls in class 10 of high school in the work area of the Pembina City Health Center, Palembang, totaling 87 samples, using a stratified proportional random sampling technique. Primary data was obtained through interviews using a questionnaire and anemia data for high school teenage girls was obtained from the hemoglobin examination report at the Pembina Public Health Center, Palembang City. Results: Statistical test using chi square with logistic regression with a significance level (α=0.05). The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between level of knowledge (p=0.000), parents' income (p=0.014), nutritional status (p=0.008), compliance with blood supplement tablet consumption (p=0.001), and the role of government (Puskesmas) and teacher support. UKS (p=0.006) with the incidence of anemia in high school teenage girls in the working area of the Pembina City Health Center in Palembang in 2024. However, there was no relationship found between the length of menstruation and the incidence of anemia in high school teenage girls in the working area of the Pembina City Palembang Health Center in 2024. 2024 (p=0.785). Multivariate analysis showed that the dominant variable associated with the incidence of anemia in high school adolescent girls was the level of knowledge (p=0.000; OR 12.018). Conclision: Based on the results of the research, the researcher hopes that the Palembang City Pembina Community Health Center will continue to actively provide health education to young women, especially education about anemia and carry out anemia screening and provide feedback on the results of the examination to the school so that it can be followed up by UKS teachers and Nutritional interventions were carried out on adolescent girls with anemia and malnutrition by Pembina Community Health Center nutrition officers. One day is set as a day for consuming blood supplement tablets at school so that it can increase compliance in consuming blood supplement tablets among young women at school.
Keywords: Anemia, Teenagers, Women
References
Adiyani, K., Heriyani, F., & Rosida, L. (2020). Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di SMA PGRI 4 Banjarmasin. Homeostasis, 1, 1–7. http://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/index.php/hms/article/view/459
Ahdiah, A., Heriyani, F. F., & Istiana. (2018). Hubungan pengetahuan dengan kejadian anemia remaja putri di SMA PGRI 4 Banjarmasin. Homeostasis, 1(1), 9–14.
Alfiah, S., & Dainy, N. C. (2023). Asupan Zat Besi, Vitamin C dan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Anemia Remaja Putri SMPIT Majmaul Bahrain Bogor. Jurnal Ilmu Gizi Dan Dietetik, 2(2), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.25182/jigd.2023.2.2.103-108
Cahya, D. A. (2022). Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja dan Wanita. PT. Pustaka Baru.
Chauhan, S., Kumar, P., Marbaniang, S. P., Srivastava, S., & Patel, R. (2022). Prevalence and predictors of anaemia among adolescents in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12258-6
Dinas Kesehatan Kota Palembang. 2023. Cakupan Skrining Anemia Remaja Putri Kelas 7 dan Kelas 10 Tahun Ajaran 2023-2024 Kota Palembang.
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. 2023. Laporan Rutin Sumatera Selatan TW IV 2023. e-PPGBM-sigizi terpadu. Diakses 17 Januari 2024
Febriyanti, Asnia Zainuddin, Lisnawaty, & Pardawati. (2023). Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Siswi SMA Negeri 3 Kendari Tahun 2023. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan, 2(3), 58–68. https://doi.org/10.55606/klinik.v2i3.1882
Hidayati, I. Z. (2019). Penilaian Uji Validitas Instrumen Skrining Anemia Pada Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Islamic Center Baiturahman Banyuwangi. Majalah Kesehatan Masyarakat Aceh (MaKMA), 2(3). https://doi.org/10.32672/makma.v2i3.1293
Indrawatiningsih, Y., Hamid, S. A., Sari, E. P., & Listiono, H. (2021). Faktor-
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Anemia pada Remaja Putri. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 21(1), 331. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1116
Kemenkes RI. (2018). Pedoman Pencegahan dan Penanggulanagan anemia Pada Remaja Putri dan Wanita Usia Subur (WUS)
Larasati, D. K., Mahmudiono, T., & Atmaka, D. R. (2021). Literature Review : Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Mengkonsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah dengan Kejadian Anemia Defisiensi Besi Literature Review : Correlation Of Knowledge and Compliance of Iron Folic Acid Supplement Consumption with Iron Deficiency Anemi. Media Gizi Kesmas, 10(02), 120. http://repository.ub.ac.id/167777/
Lika, Iffina. (2021). Gambaran Pengetahuan, Asupan dan Status Anemia pada Remaja Putri di Pondok Pesantren Assalfiyah Kecamatan Merbau Mataram Kabup[aten Lapung Tengan . Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Tanjungkarang. https://repository.poltekkes-tjk.ac.id/id/eprint/1275/
Notoadmodjo, S. (2010). Pendidikan, sikap dan perilaku kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Notoatmodjo,Soekidjo(2013)PendidikanDanPerilakuKesehatan.Jakarta:Rineka Cipta.
Notoadmodjo, W. (2012). Promosi Kesehatan untuk Kebidanan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
Nuradhiani, A., Briawan, D., & Dwiriani, C. M. (2017). Dukungan guru meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet tambah darah pada remaja putri di Kota Bogor. Jurnal Gizi Dan Pangan, 12(3), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2017.12.3.153-160
Pahlevi R.2023. Naik 3,86% UKM Palembang tahun 2024 menjadi RP 3.677.591.detikSumbagsel https://www.detik.com/sumbagsel/bisnis/d-7051823/naik-3-86-umk-palembang-2024-jadi-rp-3-677-591
Permenkes RI No.2 Tahun 2020 tentang Standar Antropomentri Anak
Pittara, 2022. Anemia https://www.alodokter.com/anemia
Pratiwi, D., Sunarti., Nurjannah, S. (2023). Gambaran Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Remaja Putri tentang Anemia Defisiensi Besi. Jurnal Ilmiah Avicenna. Vol. 18 No. 1 (2023). https://jurnal.umb.ac.id/index.php/avicena/article/view/4843
Pratomo, H., Sekarrini, L., Siregar, K., Hanifah, L., & Kusumayati, A. (2022). Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja : Teori & Program Pelayanan di Indonesia. In H. Pratomo (Ed.), PT Rajagrafindo Persada (1st ed.).
Puskesmas Pembina Kota Palembang. 2023. Laporan Pemeriksaan Hemoglobin (Hb) SMA Kelas 10
Puspikawati, S. I., Sebayang, S. K., Dewi, D. M. S. K., Fadzilah, R. I., Alfayad, A., Wrdoyo, D. A. H., Pertiwi, R., Adnin, A. B. A., Devi, S. I., Manggali, T. R., Septiani, M., & Yunita, D. (2021). Pendidikan Gizi tentang Anemia pada Remaja di Kecamatan Banyuwangi Jawa Timur. Media Gizi Kesmas, 10(2), 278283.
Putri, M. P., Dary, D., & Mangalik, G. (2022). Asupan Protein, Zat Besi Dan Status Gizi Pada Remaja Putri. Journal of Nutrition College, 11(1), 6–17. https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v11i1.31645
R. Rahma, 2021. Pengertian Remaja dan Ciri-Cirinya https://www.gramedia.com/literasi/pengertian-remaja/
Rianti, Farmawati, S. (2019). Pengaruh Penyuluhan Dengan Menggunakan Media Booklet Terhadap Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Tentang Tablet Tambah Darah Di Smpn 1
Poli-Polia Kabupaten Kolaka Timur. Jurnal Gizi Ilmiah, 9, 19–26.
Riskesdas. (2018). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas Tahun 2018.
Rukmaini, E. C. (2022). Peran Tenaga Kesehatan, Guru, dan Keluarga terhadap Pengetahuan tentang Anemia pada Remaja Putri di Kabupaten Tangerang. Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes, 13(3), 77–82. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf13nk213
Runkat, D. M. (2019). Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi, Konsumsi Zat Besi, Vitamin C Dan Tablet Tambah Darah Dengan Status Anemia Pada Siswi Sman 1 Ubud . 8(4), 227–235. http://repository.poltekkes-denpasar.ac.id/2844/
Suhariyati, S., Rahmawati, A., & Realita, F. (2020). Hubungan antara Pola Menstruasi dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Mahasiswi Prodi Sarjana Kebidanan Unissula Semarang. Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi, 9(2), 195. https://doi.org/10.36565/jab.v9i2.214
Syavira Elisa, Oktafany, R. Z. (2023). Faktor penyebab kejadian anemia pada remaja putri. Agromedicine, 145–148. https://doi.org/10.36053/mesencephal
Tirthawati, S., Rosidi, A., Sulistyowati, E., & Ayuningtyas, R. A. (2020). Pengetahuan, sikap Remaja Putri dan Dukungan Petugas Kesehatan terhadap Konsumsi Tablet Besi Folat SMKN 1 Bangsri Jepara: Sebuah Studi Cross Sectional. Jurnal Gizi, 9(2), 201. https://doi.org/10.26714/jg.9.2.2020.201-214
WHO, 2021, Anaemia In Women and Children. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/anaemia_in_women_and_children
Widiastuti, A., & Rusmini, R. (2019). Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah Pada Remaja Putri. Jurnal Sains Kebidanan, 1(1), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.31983/jsk.v1i1.5438
Wiknjosastro. (2002). Ilmu Kebidanan. Jakarta: Yayasan Bina Pustaka.
Yunita, Hidayati, & Noviani. (2023). Hubungan Status Gizi, Konsumsi Tablet Fe, Dan Lama Menstruasi Terhadap Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat LPPM Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, 1, 425–437. https://proceeding.unisayogya.ac.id/index.php/prosemnaslppm/article/view/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
