PENGARUH INTEGRASI ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL GOVERNANCE TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR DENGAN PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY SEBAGAI MEDIATOR

Tri Yunicha; Mimi Kurnia Nengsih

doi:10.36085/jems.v7i2.10704

Authors

Tri Yunicha Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu
Mimi Kurnia Nengsih Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36085/jems.v7i2.10704

Abstract

This study examines the effect of Environmental Social Governance (ESG) integration on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), with Psychological Safety serving as a mediating variable at PDAM Tirta Manna Bengkulu Selatan. A quantitative research design was employed in this study. The population comprised all employees of PDAM Tirta Manna Bengkulu Selatan, and a total of 77 respondents were selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using linear regression analysis, t-tests, coefficient of determination (R²), and mediation analysis using the Sobel test with the assistance of SPSS software.

The findings reveal that ESG integration has a positive and statistically significant effect on Psychological Safety. Furthermore, ESG integration significantly influences OCB, and Psychological Safety also exerts a positive and significant effect on OCB. The mediation analysis demonstrates that Psychological Safety partially mediates the relationship between ESG integration and OCB. These results suggest that effective ESG implementation not only contributes to organizational sustainability but also fosters a psychologically safe work environment, which subsequently enhances employees’ voluntary and extra-role behaviors reflected in Organizational Citizenship Behavior.

Keywords: Integration Environmental Social Governance, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Psychological Safety

References

Bappenas. (2020). Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2020–2024: Infrastruktur dan Pelayanan Dasar. https://share.google/CAJIcNcEtiZkqrtJm

Barghani, Z. S. (2021). The Role Of Professional Development On Teachers’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior And Motivation.

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173

Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and Power in Social Life.

Camacho, L. J. (2025). Bridging Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Corporate Citizenship as a Pathway to Effective ESG Performance. Businesses, 5(3), 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/businesses5030038

Chadha, A., Gupta, A., Tewari, V., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2025). Sustainable practices: organisational citizenship behaviour and psychological contract fulfilment. Management Decision, 63(5), 1674–1702. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-08-2023-1335

Choi, S., Jeong, K.-S., & Park, S. R. (2024). ESG activity recognition enhances organizational commitment and service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior among insurance call center staff. Heliyon, 10(11), e31999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31999

Choi, W.-S., Wang, W., Kim, H. J., Lee, J., & Kang, S.-W. (2024). Unraveling the Link between Perceived ESG and Psychological Well-Being: The Moderated Mediating Roles of Job Meaningfulness and Pay Satisfaction. Behavioral Sciences, 14(7), 606. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070606

Dong, X., Son, S., & Roh, T. (2025). Strategic Linkages to ESG Performance: The Role of Performance Measurement System and Psychological Empowerment. Business Strategy and the Environment, 34(4), 4372–4391. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4208

Dwiyanti, R., Rahardjo, P., Hamzah, I. F., & Yusof, J. (2024). Organizational Citizenship Behavior Among Employees in Indonesian and Malaysian Higher Education Institutions. Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research, 5(2), 301–308. https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v5i2.1471

Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350–383. https://doi.org/10.2307/2666999

Fiernaningsih, N., Nimran, U., Raharjo, K., & Arifin, Z. (2019). The Role of Work-Life Balance, Organizational Pride, and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: Case Study on Hospitality Employees in Indonesia. In International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. www.ijicc.net (Vol. 8). www.ijicc.net

Frazier, M. L., Fainshmidt, S., Klinger, R. L., Pezeshkan, A., & Vracheva, V. (2017). Psychological Safety: A Meta-Analytic Review and Extension. Personnel Psychology, 70(1), 113–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12183

Ge, Y. (2020). Psychological safety, employee voice, and work engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(3), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8907

Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivarete Dengan Program IBM SPSS 23 (VII). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Jeong, S. C., & Chung, D. S. (2025). Exploring the Influence of ESG Activities on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in IT Manufacturing Companies: Mediating Effects of Organizational Commitment and Identification. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17188441

Khumalo, N., & Ngubane, P. (2024). The Interplay of Organizational Culture on Psychological Safety, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in South African Selected SETAs. AUDOE, 20(6), 297–317.

Kim, B.-J., Kim, M.-J., & Lee, J. (2022). The influence of corporate social responsibility on safety behavior: The importance of psychological safety and the authentic leadership. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1090404

Li, Y., Li, P., & Wang, J. (2022). Corporate social responsibility and voice behavior: Psychological safety as a mediator. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 50(11), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.12009

Liang, J., Farh, C. I. C., & Farh, J.-L. (2012). Psychological Antecedents of Promotive and Prohibitive Voice: A Two-Wave Examination. Academy of Management Journal, 55(1), 71–92. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0176

Lin, C., & Qing, C.-L. (2025). ESG Management and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Software Companies: The Moderating Role of ESG Authenticity. https://doi.org/10.29056/j

Miao, G., Chen, G., & Li, C. (2025). The impact of corporate social responsibility on employee safety citizenship behavior in Chinese gas sector. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 26729. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12083-7

Minea, G., Lakatos, E. S., Druta, R. M., Moldovan, A., Lupu, L. M., & Cioca, L. I. (2025). The Role of ESG in Driving Sustainable Innovation in Water Sector: From Gaps to Governance. Water, 17(15), 2259. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17152259

Newman, A., Donohue, R., & Eva, N. (2017). Psychological safety: A systematic review of the literature. Human Resource Management Review, 27(3), 521–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.01.001

Nuhu, M. S., Kamselem, K. M., Mustapha, M., & Abdullahi, M. S. (2025). Personal value, employee impact and service quality delivery: the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 17(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-06-2023-0081

Organ, D., Podsakoff, P., & MacKenzie, S. (2006). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Its Nature, Antecedents, and Consequences. SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231082

Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome.

Permana, T. E., & Chaerudin, R. M. (2025). ESG in HRM Policies: Retaining and Engaging Generation Z Employees in Private Higher Education Institutions. Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship Research, 6(3), 279–298. https://doi.org/10.34001/jmer.2025.9.06.3-75

Piao, X., Xie, J., & Managi, S. (2022). Environmental, social, and corporate governance activities with employee psychological well-being improvement. BMC Public Health, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12350-y

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600307

Rahmat, T., & Hadian, D. (2019). Pengaruh Servant Leadership dan Komitmen Afektif Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Serta Implikasinya Terhadap Kinerja. STIE Pasundan.

Robbins, P. S., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Perilaku Organisasi (13th ed.). Salemba Empat.

Sibindi, A. B. (Ed.). (2025). Sustainable Finance and Insurance in Africa. Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-86516-9

Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D (19th ed.). Bandung. Alfabeta.

Sürücü, L., Bekmezci, M., & Dilek, H. (2025). The Mediating Role of Psychological Safety in the Relationship Between Paradoxical Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Economics, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/econ-2025-0175

Ye, W., & Li, Z. (2024). The Impact of Socially Responsible Human Resource Management on Employees’ Environmental Citizenship Behavior: The Role of Psychological Safety and Contingent Reward Leadership. Sage Open, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241254272