Agriculture

PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KAILAN (Brassica oleraceae L.) DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASAM HUMAT PADA BEBERAPA SISTEM PENGAIRAN

2025-08-19T22:11:39+08:00

Pertanian perkotaan merupakan solusi strategis untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan masyarakat, khususnya dalam budidaya hortikultura. Salah satu komoditas sayuran yang permintaannya terus meningkat adalah kailan (Brassica oleracea L.). Namun, budidaya di perkotaan menghadapi tantangan dalam hal penyiraman yang sering kali kurang efisien jika dilakukan secara manual. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sistem pengairan yang lebih efektif, seperti irigasi kapiler dan irigasi tetes. Keberhasilan budidaya juga sangat ditentukan oleh kecukupan air dan nutrisi yang tersedia. Pemanfaatan bahan organik seperti asam humat dapat membantu meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas hasil panen karena kemampuannya memperbaiki struktur media tanam, meningkatkan kemampuan menahan air, serta memfasilitasi penyerapan unsur hara oleh tanaman. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas IBA yang berada di Palembang, pada bulan April - Mei 2025, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah sistem pengairan (S0: penyiraman biasa, S1: irigasi kapiler, S2: irigasi tetes), dan faktor kedua adalah dosis asam humat (H0: 0 g.l^-1, H1: 1.5 g.l^-1, H2: 3 g.l^-1, H3: 4.5 g.l^-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi perlakuan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap bobot panen dan bobot kering tanaman. Perlakuan sistem pengairan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, dan bobot panen, sedangkan perlakuan asam humat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap seluruh parameter pertumbuhan. Kesimpulannya, kombinasi irigasi kapiler dan asam humat 3 g.l^-1 memberikan hasil optimal untuk produksi kailan di lingkungan perkotaan.

PERAN MIKORIZA VESIKULAR ARBUSKULAR DAN PUPUK FOSFAT TERHADAP AKAR DAN HASIL EDAMAME

2025-08-20T18:14:31+08:00

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi interaksi pemberian Mikoriza (MVA) dan pupuk fosfat pada akar dan hasil Edamame (Glycine max L. Merrill. var. Biomax1) serta pengaruh masing-masing perlakuan pada akar dan hasil Edamame. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam polybag di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas IBA pada bulan Januari sampai Mei 2025. Rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama pemberian MVA terdiri dari 4 taraf, M0 : 0 g.tan^-1, M1 : 5 g.tan^-1, M2 : 10 g.tan^-1, M3 : 15 g.t^-1. Faktor kedua pemberian pupuk fosfat terdiri dari 3 taraf, P1 : 50 kg.h^-1 (0.25 g.tan^-1), P2 : 100 kg.h^-1 (0.5 g.tan^-1), M3 : 150 kg.h^-1 (0.75 g.tan^-1). Terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 36 satuan percobaan yang terdiri dari 4 unit tanaman, sehingga diperoleh 144 tanaman. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) taraf 5% apabila berpengaruh signifikan. Hasil menunjukkan interaksi pemberian MVA dan pupuk fosfat berpengaruh signifikan pada semua peubah. Perlakuan terbaik pada interaksi perlakuan M3P3 = Mikoriza (MVA) M3 : 15 g.t^-1dan pupuk fosfat P3 : 150 kg.h^-1 (0.75 g.tan^-1).

INVENTARISASI HAMA TANAMAN LENGKENG (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) DI DESA PETAPAHAN, KECAMATAN TAPUNG, KABUPATEN KAMPAR

2025-12-06T17:29:03+08:00

The cultivation of longan in Indonesia holds strong potential due to high consumer demand, favorable environmental conditions, and the availability of varieties well adapted to the local climate. However, pest attacks remain a major constraint, often reducing both the quantity and quality of fruit production. This study aimed to inventory the pest species associated with longan cultivation. The research was conducted through field surveys, with sampling locations determined using a purposive random sampling method. Insect specimens were collected directly by hand and preserved in vials containing 75% alcohol. The specimens were then examined under a microscope and documented. Observed parameters included the diversity index, evenness index, and dominance index, with data analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the primary pest attacks targeted the leaves and flowers of longan plants. A total of eight pest species belonging to two families—Scarabaeidae and Coreidae—were recorded. The pest diversity index (H’) was categorized as moderate (1.8), the evenness index (E) was high (0.9), and the dominance index (C) was low (0.2).

EKSPLORASI EKSTRAK AIR TANAMAN DALAM INOVASI BIOHERBISIDA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN: SUATU TINJAUAN LITERATUR

2025-12-02T11:42:44+08:00

The use of synthetic herbicides in agriculture raises many problems, including weed resistance, ecological damage, and health risks. To address these issues, plant-based biological herbicides have been introduced as a safer and more sustainable alternative. This study focuses on plants that exhibit allelopathy, including those that contain phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and tannins, which have the potential to be compact and phytotoxic to weeds through various mechanisms, including inhibiting germination, root growth, cell respiration, and photosynthesis, and disrupting hormonal balance. Therefore, various water-extraction techniques, such as soaking, boiling, and maceration, were studied to obtain the maximum amount of bioactive compounds. Plants that produce potent phytotoxic compounds, including Sorghum bicolor, Ageratum conyzoides, Chromolaena odorata, Mikania micrantha, Azadirachta indica, and Tagetes erecta, have been tested to contain active compounds that are effective in suppressing the growth of various weeds. Adaptation and development of bioherbicides made from water-extract compounds in the field of research, although promising, also face various challenges, including degradation of the active compounds, variations in raw materials, low extract concentrations, and the need for standardization in extraction methods and formulations. Therefore, characterization techniques for potentially allelopathic materials, more sophisticated formulations such as microencapsulation and nanoformulation, and investigation of potentially synergistic compounds between plant extracts and beneficial microorganisms are needed. This study confirms that plant water extracts have great potential as environmentally friendly weed-control solutions that support sustainable agricultural systems.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK GUANO DAN POC AIR CUCIAN BERAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN MENTIMUN (Cucumis Sativus L)

2025-12-09T13:08:48+08:00

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely utilized plant in daily life, serving as a fresh vegetable, a base for pickles, juice, and even cosmetics. However, cucumber production in Indonesia has experienced a significant decline, partly due to the suboptimal availability of nutrients in the cultivation land. This study aims to explore the effects of guano organic fertilizer and rice wash water liquid organic fertilizer (POC) on the growth and yield of cucumber plants. The research was conducted in Bentiring Village, Bengkulu City, using a two-factor Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor was guano fertilizer with doses G0 (control), G1 (100 g/plant), G2 (200 g/plant), and G3 (300 g/plant), while the second factor was rice wash water POC with concentrations P0 (control), P1 (25 ml/L), P2 (50 ml/L), and P3 (75 ml/L). The analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction between guano fertilizer and rice wash water POC on various cucumber growth parameters, such as tendril length, number of leaves, number of fruits, fruit length, as well as fruit weight per plant and per plot. The best results were obtained from the combination of 300 g/plant of guano fertilizer and 75 ml/L of rice wash water POC, which produced a plot fruit weight of 2.01 kg. This study demonstrates that both types of fertilizers can improve the quality and quantity of cucumber yield, with rice wash water POC enhancing soil structure and increasing nutrient availability.

Keywords: Cucumber, Guano fertilizer, Rice wash water POC

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA DAN SIRSAK TERHADAP MORTALITAS DAN KONSUMSI PAKAN Sitophilus zeamais PADA PENYIMPANAN BIJI JAGUNG

2025-12-09T20:50:00+08:00

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas ekstrak daun mimba (Azadirachta indica), daun sirsak (Annona muricata), serta kombinasi keduanya terhadap mortalitas dan konsumsi pakan Sitophilus zeamais pada biji jagung selama penyimpanan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian UMSU, pada Oktober–November 2025 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga ulangan dan empat perlakuan: kontrol, ekstrak daun mimba 10 mL L⁻¹, ekstrak daun sirsak 10 mL L⁻¹, dan kombinasi mimba–sirsak (5 + 5 mL L⁻¹). Parameter yang diamati meliputi mortalitas imago harian selama tujuh hari dan sisa pakan setelah periode pengamatan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak nabati memberikan variasi nilai mortalitas, tetapi analisis ragam menunjukkan pengaruh tidak nyata (p > 0,05). Mortalitas tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan daun sirsak (53,3%), diikuti mimba (33,3%), kontrol (30%), dan kombinasi (13,3%). Konsumsi pakan juga tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antarperlakuan, dengan rataan sisa pakan berkisar 2,5–5,07 g. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan belum mampu menghasilkan efek insektisidal yang signifikan terhadap S. zeamais. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan dengan konsentrasi lebih tinggi, metode ekstraksi berbeda, atau formulasi stabil untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pestisida nabati pada penyimpanan biji jagung.

Kata kunci: hama gudang, ekstrak daun, Azadirachta indica, Annona muricata

RESPON PEMBERIAN KOMPOS CAMPURAN DAN POC HAYATI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH

2025-12-16T08:26:05+08:00

Onions are a type of horticultural commodity that is essential for seasoning food. The ever-increasing demand for red onion production has led a continuous increase in red onion production in the field to meet market needs. Shallot productivity can be increased through fertilization. The fertilization that can be done and is considered safe is organic fertilizer. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of mixed compost and biological POC on onion plants. This research was conducted in Sendang Rejo Village, Binjai, from November to February 2020, using a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors. The forst factor is a mixture of goat maure compost and rice straw (control, 1, 2, and 3 kg/plot), and the second factor is biological POC (control, 300, 400, 500 ml/liter water/plot). This research results show that the application of mixed compost and biological POC significantly affects plant height parameters at 3, 4, and 5 weeks after planting. The interaction between the two fators did not significantly affect all observed parameters.

POTENSI PERTANIAN PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR:TINJAUAN BERDASARKAN KONDISI GEOGRAFIS DAN PRODUKSI

2025-01-15T07:07:34+08:00

Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) memiliki potensi besar dalam sektor pertanian, didukung oleh kondisi geografis
yang beragam dan sumber daya alam yang melimpah. Namun, sektor ini juga menghadapi sejumlah tantangan
yang menghambat pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi pertanian di
NTT dari sudut pandang geografis dan produksi, serta mengidentifikasi kendala dan tantangan yang dihadapi.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menganalisis data sekunder dari berbagai sumber,
seperti literatur, jurnal, dan data statistik dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Analisis data dilakukan secara
deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NTT memiliki potensi besar dalam sektor pertanian, namun
menghadapi kendala seperti kondisi geografis yang ekstrim, keterbatasan infrastruktur, dan perubahan iklim.
Untuk memaksimalkan potensi tersebut, diperlukan upaya yang komprehensif dan berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci: Geografis, Potensi, Sektor Pertanian, Produksi

KOMBINASI PUPUK KOMPOS DAN NPKMg SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEMUPUKAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN UNTUK PERKEBUNAN

2025-09-14T21:38:22+08:00

The plantation sector plays an important role in the Indonesian economy, but its productivity is still hampered by land degradation and inefficient use of production inputs. The combination of NPKMg inorganic fertilizer with compost fertilizer is seen as a balanced fertilization strategy that can improve soil fertility, nutrient availability, and plant growth. This article was compiled through a descriptive-qualitative literature review on the use of NPKMg and various types of compost in plantation commodities. The results of the study show that the interaction between the two has a significant effect on plant seedling growth parameters and has the potential to increase productivity while maintaining the sustainability of plantation land.

Keywords: Balanced fertilization, sustainability, plantation

KAJIAN PEMBERIAN BERAGAM DOSIS PUPUK NPK MUTIARA TERHADAP RESPONS AGRONOMIS TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.)

2025-12-12T16:15:27+08:00

Sweet corn is a horticultural commodity with high economic value and increasing market demand. The appropriate application of NPK fertilizer greatly affects plant growth and yield. This study aims to determine the effect and optimum dosage of Mutiara NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of sweet corn plants. This study was conducted in Golo Dukal Village, Langke Rembong District, Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, from March 2025 to June 2025. The method used in this study was a randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 5 treatments repeated 5 times. The treatments used were as follows: N0: 0 kg/ha (0 g/bed), N1: 100 kg/ha NPK (2.5 g/bed), N2: 200 kg/ha NPK (5 g/bed), N3: 300 kg/ha NPK (7.5 g/bed), N4: 400 kg/ha NPK (8 g/bed). The total number of treatments was 25 beds, with each experimental unit containing 10 plants and 3 sample plants, resulting in a total of 5 x 5 x 10 = 250 plants. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the application of various doses of Mutiara NPK fertilizer has a significant effect on all growth parameters and sweet corn yields. The Mutiara NPK fertilizer dose treatment N2: 200 kg/ha NPK (5 g/bed) is the most optimal dose for all observation parameters.